The Role Of The Writer

The writer holds a very highly important role in the commissioning process when their script is coming alive though TV, movie or theatre. Once a writer has produced his or her script and has had someone to proof read it, (you don’t want any mistakes when taking it to a company) they can then take it so a production company either though email or even a arranged meeting to present your script. Some examples of companies, agencies, and corporations that can help people take new scripts; BBC (England, Competitions), Outwise PR, SEO agencies.

When a writer takes their script to a company they will most likely to do a pitch in fount of a bored of people, they will have to present their ideas clearly and be confident- if you don’t believe in your idea then the company won’t. When a writer is presenting to such places they will need to have professional standards, anything from they way they dress to the vocabulary that they use to present themselves and their script, the more professional the company the more they will have to impress but by just going to a website like BBC writers room they can simply submit the script and it maybe considered for free where as some may charge.Not every writer get’s commissioned with some sort of representation, some do it on their own with money off their own back but it can be much harder to get a production company to take on your idea. May like to see some sort of agency to have representation because then they know you have a professional behind you.One way to get some commission to get some sort of advertising and sponsorship even through submitting scripts to the writers room.

Other roles in the commissioning process other than the writer are an agent, script editor, commissioning editor, director, and producer. The script editor as I said before will edit though the script to point out, correct and re-wrod some part of the script to make the improvements. This is essential in the commissioning progress since to don’t want to submit scripts with mistakes every few words, they work this close with the script editor though the whole writing process to keep track of the progress and to ensure there is a good flow and a good plot throughout. Once the script has been edited thourly it can be sent off though an agent or an agency which will help the writer find work/jobs, it is a pretty simple task but itself is a very hard job that will require a lot of work and time on the agents half. Getting an agent can also be hard but once you have found one they will have excellent communication with you throughout the process of finding jobs and also promoting yourself as a writer and getting your script submitted to companies. Commissioning editors are sort of like agents apart from they wok on the behalf of a publisher or publishing company to find authors that could write to a specification that has been set out by the editor or to find other up and coming writers that have already wrote and developed their script. They will do a lot of work on behalf of the publisher and play one of the key roles in the commissioning process.

The final key roles in the commissioning process belong to the director and the producer. the dirctor will be the one with the vision for the script, he will read it and imagine it to be a cirtin way and will make sure this is directed into the screen play. The director also has the power to change parts of the script if they wish to, including the way that things are spoken and showen, writers will have to be willing and prepared for the director to make the changes to a script that they may find very personal to them. The producer is the person who will pay fir the movie to be made, they will work on their own money or money from a production company. Producers will also have  large role in the fact they will be there from start to finish also making sure that the screen play is up to scratch since they have invested all their money into making the movie or TV series happen.

Despite all these other important roles in the process the writer is still one of the most important. Even if the script is being produced by a company or an independent body. They will be on the set most days to make sure that the movie is flowing well and is also to what they imagined it to be when they were writing the script Just because they have since sold the screen writer to the script doesn’t mean that they have sold away their idea, they will still have a very important influence in the way that the screen play is performed and how everyone is acting out the script. Even when writers are still in talks with the commissioning editor they will have a good say as well as an agent in the negotiations with the commissioning editor on prices for the script, what will be done with the script. The writer will have to work closely with all the other people in roles in the process since it is their script that is being made, they can’t just abandon the idea once it is sold.

To anyone else who is considering a carer in script writing I would recommend to make sure you do your research before you begin to write. A good resource to use is the BBC’s writers room (http://www.bbc.co.uk/writersroom/) where they have a large list of videos and articles that you can watch and read to build up your industry knowledge, they also have a section for submitting your script that could help writer get developed. The other ways that I have already described are more harder ways to be noticed by a company. I would also advise anyone thinking of getting into the business to practice a lot and to build up a good portfolio o their scripts and also to get themselves some sort of representation though an agent as it will make the job a lot easier and also give you a good reputation with anywhere that you decide to send your script to. To find yourself an agent may also be another tricky job but as long s you have a built up portfolio then you will be highly considered for an agency.

Interview Techniques: Jeremy Paxman and Jonathan Ross

Jeremy Paxman Interviews Conrad Black (October 2012)  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBI35DMHjy4 Jeremy Paxman opens the interview with a closed question (although it can be interpreted as an open question) simply asking Conrad Black if prison has made him a better person. Paxman goes straight into further questions where he says; “When you read the remarks…” regarding one of the trails around 5:00, this can be considered a leading question and he also uses at lot of statements around 5:20 and 5:28 he says statemens like “you are a criminal.” and “you have been convicted.” Paxman also will put emphasis on you are and also on you have. Paxman clearly used a whole range of question types but yet they seem to be clean and straight to the point with his questions in making sure that he gets the answers that he is out for. We can see just by the question answers that from the beginning Paxman doesn’t have a good rapour with Conrad Black and that also shapes the interview and the interview questions. While we watch Paxman expressing these statements we can see in the body language he uses that he is being suggestive in trying to get across to the man that he is a criminal, he does this by hand gestures making himself seem bigger than a powerful man. Another way that he displays body language is in his slight leaning forward, the whole structure of this past of the interview is almost provocative. From this we get the further question “What may astonish our views…” He is almost reminding the Conrad black the true reasons of this interview and that it will be televised at some point. Despite this Conrad Black goes onto say in his answer to Paxman’s question with the words “smashing your face in” then says only seconds later “I don’t believe in violence.” Paxman has now exposed the aggression of Conrad Black to everyone, his provocative behaviour has now lead to this. Paxman is a professional interviewer, and has built up his techniques over his many years and also has learned ways of dowsing peoples true emotions like this by building up the questions. Paxman only really tends to use open and closed questions although he does tend to use follow up questions which will play off of what the previous answer in the previous questions. If the interviewee says something that could lead to a follow up question and Paxman will use his answer to make another question. For example, they talk about if a convicted criminal should be allowed in the house of lords. Cornad Black says in some cases it should be allowed so Paxmen then comes back with a question that relays off his answer saying “should child offenders be able to make laws on child protection.” The interviewer challenges the interviewee on everything that he is saying to try and catch him out at some point. The last quote I would like to point out is; “Why did you start spending so much money?” Paxman askes questions that normally couldn’t come up in general conversation with someone when questioning them about their life. Paxman again likes to get very personal with the questions when it comes to the interview, but not personal in the same way someone for MTV would be asking a musician about their personal life. Where as a celebrity would expect questions about their love life and friends Paxman challenges what this man is known for amongst everyone. In summery, Jeremy Paxman is a very intimating man in himself, but he tends to use a lot of body language when he is doing his interviews. We can see from the video that when he lets the interviewee answer the question he leans back in his chair and crosses his arms, almost in a defence way while interviewing an equally powerful man before he leans forward again to utter his next question to the Conrad. Jonathan Ross Interviews One Direction (Novemeber 2013) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esH8OQqE3fE Already you can see the differences in the interview styles between Paxman and Ross’s interview styles, part of this is because they are interviewing for different purposes. Paxman is interviewing Black in order to expose him in someway to the public and also get some type of confession where as Ross in interviewing a boyband so it is more casual and although he is the same in asking personal questions although they are on a very different level. Ross has to have good repour with his guests unlike Paxman since he has to make a connection with his guests otherwise it would be difficult to conduct a casual interview. Ross’s opening question brings on an another question that is open to interpretation of it being an opening or closed question. You know from the type of question that there will be a yes or no answer followed by “because…”. Ross says “Does it ever get boring? Does it ever surprise you?”. You just know that to make to interview seem good there will be a developed answer rather than a simple yes or no. This is still as casual interview and not defensive one. We can also see this in the body language of Ross and the group that he is interviewing, although Ross is sitting at a desk we can see he is very layed back in his chair at point and then when he asks the questions, like Paxman, he will lean forward intrigued by what the answer will be, we can see this around 4:15 when he leans back and then forward again to ask his follow up question.The whole deduction on the interview seems to consist of forwarding questions where Ross just will make up questions off the last answers. In the gaps where he couldn’t fit in these other type of questions there seems to be a good balance of open and closed questions but they do include some leading questions saying “Let me ask you,” around 7:00. Where as Paxman got into the personal area of money for the Conrad and what he spent it on, Ross also gets quite personal but on  different level by asking One Direction near the beginning of the interview saying “Some of you are in relationships…” It is almost not a question in the way he handles it and words it. He leaves the emphasis on the end as if he wants the boys that he is interviewing to elaborate on the question themselves. He relies on that fact  a lot during the deduction of his interview also using the same techniques. Overall we can see that there is a big difference between the interview styles of Paxman and Ross. Anything from the repour to the questions. Both these interviewers are very professional and are good at what they do, hence the success they have had so it is refreshing to see such good and different interview styles in a modern journalistic world. —– words: 1155

Population Growth: Should Britain Obtain the One Child Policy?

The current number of the population as I write is 7,264,443,828, but my the time I took typing out that number it would have gone up much higher which around 5 babies being born every second. The birth rate compared to the death rate in a day is almost double, more people are being born than are dying, partly dude to the reasons that people are living longer and in the last century there has been a “baby boom” across the globe. Some say that the higher death age is to do with how people are becoming more and more aware of how to look after themselves with other newspapers and new channels telling us what is good for us and how we should live our lives in order to live longer. The human race has always looked for some sort of way of eternal life whether it is in a science way so they can come alive in the future or not. Either way if people are riding way’s to live longer, or forever, then this will highly affect the way that the population grows and how much room is left for all this human to habit on.

There are very few bits of land on the earth that are not taken up currently by humans because our bodies are not adapted for the places like Arctic and the Sahara Desert where as in countries like China there is the struggle of over population. China currently takes up 1/7 of that 7 billion of the population, India also taking up just over a billion people. Both are very large parts and take up a lot of the continent of Asia. Even in other larger countries like the USA there is a long way to go before they will be ale to get to 1 billion people in the country. China imposing laws about how many children one couple can have seems to have done nothing for the population of the country itself, despite the small decreased over the years. The UK is till a growing entry which the population raising 20.20% from 2000-2012. (http://os-connect.com/pop/p2n.asp)

While many people in the world seem to suffer with many different and easily curable illnesses struggle to find clean water and edible food, we are all adding to the population in the more developed countries where there is plenty of food and other necessities. We all do out best to try and donate one a year when a charity show is on and that is set to makes us feel better, but when most of the habitual earth is now populated with small or large amounts of humans is it really going to help?

It doesn’t always work like this though. India is the second most populated country in the world, only slightly behind China, but India still has one of the highest poverty rates in the world with many of the population still living in slum type areas that could only be a type of of picture that you could have seen in Slumdog Millionaire apart from it is truly a reality.People come up with all sorts of reasons why poverty is so large in countries like India but that doesn’t seen to stop the population growing there even when a large number of people don’t even live in a real house to protect them during storms. Yet considering the small difference between China and India in their population China is a much more well developed country. Granted, some parts of India are very developed but there will always poorer halves of the country that are easier to find and are more known. When you see pictures of China there are always large glass buildings that resemble those of our own capital, London.

So should our country adapt some sort of policy like China? The UK has one of the fastest growing populations, not just in the amount of birth to deaths, but because of the amount of people heading to the UK. So should parliament make some sort of law like China has for it’s current and future residents?

Some current policy in China stands as the imagine attached.

There are still many issues with the One- Child Policy, people think that women are having less equality and rights in the country. Women are being forced to have abortions if they become pregnant, many of them being backstreet abortions that are not even performed correctly and can be really dangerous for women after the abortion has taken place. Like many back street abortions women can suffer for weeks in pain afterwards and depending how bad the abortion was the woman may need to be sent to hospital. Women will not be able to have a fair say on their own bodies.

Two other issues with the one-child policy are the infant death rate and the trouble with multiple births. In the Chinese culture having twins or even triplets is considered to be lucky. Now whereas Britain is known for making it’s tights laws where everything would be more restricted and controlled, there still could be problems with death rates. Many people prefer to have male children so they would be able to carry on the family name and many still believe for boys to be the superior sex. Girls are left to die or are sent away to orphanages and that could take place in here if the policy was to be put in place. Complex issues are still raised with policy’s like this. Many say it is unfair or that it even breaches human rights in some ways. Although China’s population has slow dcressed here is no saying that it would work in any other part of the world or in other countries, the way to control the population may not be to control the birth rate but to control the death rate.

The subject of world population will always continue to be a hard topic, but with many politions indirectly choosing to ignore it who knows if there will ever be a way to help the world. Different figures from different studies make complex and sometimes unalike predictions about what will happen as the earth adds more years to it’s life span and just how the population will grow.

History Of Print Design

The first type of printing to be used in Europe was block printing and that was always printed onto cloth throughout the 1300’s until paper became more appealing and more available in the 1400’s. It wasn’t until further into the 1400’s that there was mass producing of printing onto paper. All throughout these times prating was a growing business that involved printing and teenagers and young adults could get apprenticeships in printing factories where they would learn to handle the machines and print everything in black and white. These houses also became known as the printing press because f the types of equipment that the workers would use to use the print. The name from the device just came around from the method they use of applying pressure onto the cloth or paper which will make the ink stick onto the paper alms like a giant stamp. Nowadays we just use simple printers which are more complicated than a simple pressure pad and can print twice as much in half the time, hence how news papers get out so quickly.

For a long time block printing was the only type of printing that is available but now we have thing like screen priming, 3D printing and laser printing. We also have a more developed range of font and styles which is a reason why our newspapers are so different to those so many years ago. The very first known printed newspaper in Britain has blotted ink marks on it a well as everything being in one font and only a single size difference and was printed in 1665. One of the developed styles of printing was mentioned was 3D printing which we can do today on Microsoft Word when making charts but in the past writing and priming such things was only things of the rich and educated but in 2014 it is just an everyday skill that many people have.

It wasn’t just printing on to paper and cloth that counts as printing, it goes back even further to Ancient Egypt where they would print there designs of hieroglyphics onto the walls of the city that can still be seen today. This also does count as a form of printing. It can still be raced back to bible days where the stories would be written onto the paper when now you can buy printed versions of the bible anyway, all versions can have a different founts and styles that people may kind it easier to read with. Printing and writing have come such a long way from when they were only said to be from educational people and priests.

Since the invention of printing came around just for religious monks anyway the religion of Christianity ha had a lot of influence in the printing industry and helped it get so developed today for our books, work, newspapers and letters. We have also moved on from the traditional black and white printing on off colours paper days and we are now able to print in the colours across the spectrum, as well as digital printing so there is almost no use anymore for the printing press, improving everyones lives. In another area we also have photographs, but we are still able to help view them thanks to printing and even camera companies have created their own printing methods that have improved the industry.